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    Financial Independence Daily FI discussion thread - July 28, 2019

    Financial Independence Daily FI discussion thread - July 28, 2019


    Daily FI discussion thread - July 28, 2019

    Posted: 28 Jul 2019 01:09 AM PDT

    Please use this thread to have discussions which you don't feel warrant a new post to the sub. While the Rules for posting questions on the basics of personal finance/investing topics are relaxed a little bit here, the rules against memes/spam/self-promotion/excessive rudeness/politics still apply!

    Have a look at the FAQ for this subreddit before posting to see if your question is frequently asked.

    Since this post does tend to get busy, consider sorting the comments by "new" (instead of "best" or "top") to see the newest posts.

    submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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    "Owning your home doesn’t make you rich. Owning somebody else’s does"

    Posted: 28 Jul 2019 07:54 AM PDT

    Came across this interesting article about building wealth. Here are my key takeaways. I would like to hear your thoughts on it.

    https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-landlords-business-owners-20181105-story.html

    In the United States more than almost anywhere else, wealth and income are concentrated among business owners and landlords. That club, blessed by capitalism, is becoming increasingly difficult to join.

    Not sure if this claim is true because there are certainly lots of people who built their wealth through traditional passive investments like 401k, Roth IRA, index funds. This sub is proof of that.

    In every country Fessler and Schürz studied, homeowners' wealth hovers near the national average. The biggest gaps are between those who own businesses and rental properties and their customers and tenants. The top 5% are most likely to own businesses or rental properties. The authors found this polarization has increased since 1962.

    Seeing this kind of stuff makes me wonder if I should get into real estate investing. I hear it involves lots of debt which is something I'm not good at dealing with.

    Are you folks sticking with passive investing or investing in real estate as well?

    submitted by /u/TamiForx
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    Military Couple: 5 years from FIRE goal (Update)

    Posted: 27 Jul 2019 09:41 PM PDT

    Update to my [last post](https://www.reddit.com/r/financialindependence/comments/8yu2vu/military_couple_6_years_from_fire_goal_update/).

    It's been a year so I figured I should make another update post as the FIRE goal gets closer. My goal remains to have $2m in net worth plus our military pensions and retire at age 43.

    Current Ages:

    • Me: 38yrs
    • Wife: 36yrs
    • Kid 1: 6yrs
    • Kid 2: 3yrs

    Income:

    • Me: $137k (Up $12k compared to last year due to a promotion)
    • Wife: $119k + $15k bonus for one more year

    Rental Property: $1850/mo rent, $185 management fee, $1367.68 mortgage, $90 HOA. This ends up being an extra $200 in cashflow with $850 of the mortgage payment going to principle or a net $1050/mo. We owe $41.5k (3.25%) on the 15 yr mortgage and the house is worth about $290k. (Purchase price: $215k + $20k repairs/improvements). Continuing to pay the mortgage as scheduled results in paying off the mortgage when we retire. I just dropped the rent $50 to lock the tenant into a 2 year contract.

    Savings: Both wife and I max out our tax deferred savings options. We also put $27.6k/yr into the taxable brokerage account, Traditional TSP ($19k/yr each), college funds ($4k/yr), cash savings (12k/yr), and Roth IRA ($6k/yr each). Total annual savings is $93,600 when I add everything up. The vast majority of these investments are in extremely low cost index funds. The only change to this over last year was a move of my emergency fund cash to a high yield savings account offering 2.1% interest.

    Current balances:

    • TSP (gov't 401k): $684k (66k increase, 29k gains, 37k contributions)
    • Roth IRAs: $226k (70k increase, 20k gains, 11k contributions) 226
    • Taxable brokerage account: $194k (29k increase, 27k contributions) I swiped $22k from here for a new car down payment
    • Emergency fund: $15k (swiped some cash from here too for the new car)
    • Checking: $15k
    • Kid 1 ESA: $21k (4k increase, 2k gains, 2k contributions)
    • Kid 2 ESA: $10.5k (3k increase, 1k gains, 2k contributions)

    Still have the same 2 cars (2008 and 2013), decided not to upgrade to a bigger model with the second kid. Upgraded to a new 3 row 2020 Explorer ST. I spent about $60k on this financing $25k @ 2.75% over 4 yrs. I wanted to just pay cash, but figured I'd split the difference as the 2.75% rate is pretty low compared to keeping that money in the market. This way if the market goes up, I feel good. If the market goes down, I feel good about it since I pulled out money when it was high to pay off half the car. It's putting myself in a win-win situation mentally. I thought about this car purchase for a long time and it really boiled down to it not impacting my FIRE goals/timeline. We're pretty frugal and this is definitely twice if not more expensive than what we need. But, it's really really nice (400 HP) and not as expensive as some of the other luxury models.

    Life insurance: No change in policies, $145/mo combined for both our policies. We each have $1m which will drop in half to $500k/each when we retire and the work insurance goes away. The $500k policies are 30 year term that take us to around age 63. I figure with $1M insurance and $2M assets, the kids will be taken care of just fine.

    We currently plan to opt out of the survivor benefit plan. The simplified math of SBP would cost 6.5% of our pensions and would pay the spouse 55% of their pension if they died. It's not a bad deal and it's inflation adjusted. The premiums stop after 30 years, but the coverage continues. I'd prefer to just not have either of us die and keep the $600/mo. I still need to do some thinking on this.

    Expenses:

    No major changes to expenses other than the addition of a car payment (580/mo). I might add a bi-weekly cleaning service, but don't see any big costs anytime in the near future.

    • Fixed expenses (mortgages, day care, insurance, utilities, etc): $8743/mo
    • Fixed savings: $7716/mo

    Extra money left in checking account each month is about $3-4k. That funded a new roof, cutting down some trees, trips, and extra debt payments/savings contributions. I could be more disciplined with that, but honestly we're pretty frugal and generally don't spend much on random things. In our fixed expenses we allocate money for eating out and entertainment.

    Historical Actual Net Worth (updated): https://i.imgur.com/RduzDlc.jpg

    • 2012: +$130k
    • 2013: +$194k
    • 2014: +$110k
    • 2015: +$39k
    • 2016: +$177k
    • 2017: +$247k
    • 2018: +$102k
    • 2019: +$212k year to date

    Historical Actual Debt (updated): https://i.imgur.com/JUfrPNV.jpg

    • House 1: 41k @ 3.25% (paid off before FIRE)
    • House 2: 371k @ 3.75% (get down to ~$300k before FIRE), I may refinance this into a 15 yr if the fed drops rates and I can something closer to 3.25% or 3%
    • Car: 24.5k @ 2.75% (paid off before FIRE)

    Retirement plan:

    Military pensions are equal to 2.5% * yrs of service * high 3 base pay avg. So, 20 years = 50% of your base pay. Based on our expected rank at retirement, this would be $54k each. That is in today's money and since this is tied to inflation it'd be slightly higher (5 years from now) and would continue to grow each year in retirement since it's chained to the CPI.

    Age 43:

    1. Buy a nice house somewhere after selling the rental houses. We currently have about $400k in equity and should have closer to $500k by the time we retire although $50k of that will probably be eaten up in fees when we sell. We really don't know yet where this retirement house will be and how much we'd spend. I've decided I don't want to keep the rentals if I'm not local to the area as I wouldn't want to keep paying property management fees after I retire. Our house target price is $400k-600k. My original plan was to just pay that outright or finance up to $200k. I'm not going to worry about this too much until we decide on a location. We may just rent for a year in that location before committing.
    2. Stop TSP/Roth IRA contributions and most other savings.
    3. Live off of $108k/yr in pensions and money in the taxable brokerage account. My goal is to continue something close to our current lifestyle. Even though we'll have half the income, it should be similar since we won't have rent/mortgage or contributing to retirement accounts. With $2m and a 4% SWR, I'm looking to augment the pensions with an extra $80k/yr for a total of $188k/yr. When I project retirement expenses, I'm looking at around $105-140k/yr max. So I think we have a pretty good cushion here. (Another reason why I felt like we could splurge on a new car).
    4. Find an activity to stay occupied. I'll be at my peak earning potential and could probably get a high paying job for a few years at this point which is my insurance plan if the market tanked/black swan event. I could also stay in the military up to 8 more years which would increase my pension 2.5%/yr above the 50% base. But, I really want to quit working at this point and spend time with the kids who will be in elementary/jr high school.
    5. Begin converting our traditional TSP to a Roth IRA ladder. I think I'm stuck paying like 22% tax on that money because of our pensions. But, might as well do it sooner rather than later so the money is available without penalties sooner.
    6. Attend kids' college graduations. Note: We transferred our post 9/11 GI Bill benefits to the kids, so they can both attend a university anywhere in the county and the gov't will pay a stipend plus tuition up to the highest state university tuition in that state. I'm still contributing $2k/yr each to their college funds which is probably overkill. I decided to keep doing that because the money could still be used for a master's degree, or perhaps the wife and I will decide we need a phd or some nonsense. We have 4 master's degrees already between the 2 of us.

    Age 62:

    1. Begin collecting social security. If we wait until age 67 it's an extra $18k/yr each for us. By taking it at 62 it's more like 12.5k/yr each. It'd take 11.5 years to break even if we waited until 67. In reality it'd probably be even longer if we invested the money that we start receiving at 62. I'll probably flip flop on this some more over the years, but it's not like I'm making that decision anytime soon.

    Major risks:

    1. Wife and I getting stationed in geographically separated locations reducing our savings rate by having to maintain two households. We'll find out .
    2. Minimal bond exposure, I've been adding some over the last couple years, but primarily am invested in low cost stock index funds (vanguard and TSP).
    3. Congress making significant changes to military retirement benefits/healthcare. The current deal is ridiculously good, I can insure my family after retiring for $580/yr with Tricare. When we become eligible for medicare then we have to pay the medicare part b premiums and Tricare for Life kicks in automatically to cover the 20% Medicare doesn't cover plus provides the same prescription drug coverage benefit we have now. I think the main risk is they increase the annual premium, but even if they went from $580/yr to $580/mo I'd still be thrilled with it.

    Please let me know if you have any questions and I'll do my best to answer!

    tl;dr Net worth is now $1.6m ($439k debt, $2m assets), an increase of $212k from my last post. Plan is to retire in 5 years at the age of 43 with $2m in assets and military pensions worth a $108k/yr.

    submitted by /u/stakkar
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    Putting life into perspective

    Posted: 28 Jul 2019 09:15 AM PDT

    https://waitbutwhy.com/2015/12/the-tail-end.html

    This article really resonated with me on the FIRE journey

    I liked the summary best:

    1) Living in the same place as the people you love matters. I probably have 10X the time left with the people who live in my city as I do with the people who live somewhere else.

    2) Priorities matter. Your remaining face time with any person depends largely on where that person falls on your list of life priorities. Make sure this list is set by you—not by unconscious inertia.

    3) Quality time matters. If you're in your last 10% of time with someone you love, keep that fact in the front of your mind when you're with them and treat that time as what it actually is: precious

    submitted by /u/CoastalFire
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    Fire during high equity valuation periods or low periods?

    Posted: 27 Jul 2019 06:05 PM PDT

    Thoughts? Research?

    I don't want to oversimplify the process, but understanding what everyone's logic here would be valuable.

    submitted by /u/BarNBolos
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    My house hacking experience

    Posted: 28 Jul 2019 03:00 PM PDT

    I just want to share my house hacking experience.

    House hacking is where you buy a multi unit property and live in it and rent part of it as well to help you cover some or all of the mortgage.

    I believe this can be the best investment normal people can make.

    Here is an example. I bought a 4-plex with an FHA loan so I only had to put 3% down on it. The rent from 3 units more than covers the mortgage. My only costs are maintenance and increasing my emergency fund.

    If we say inflation in housing is like 3% a year, then I am earning about 100% on my initial investment which was my down payment in equity. I also earn money because I'm paying down some of the principal by just making the payments. Also, there are many tax benefits to home ownership and business ownership.

    Property values have averaged something like 5% appreciation in my area over the past 25 years or so.

    I bought for half a million dollars with roughly $20k down. At 5%, this thing could theoretically double in value twice in 30 years. So I might end up with a 2 million dollar asset in 30 years that I only paid like $20k for. Do I think it will really double twice? Maybe maybe not but most likely it will at least once.

    Now think about this, as you are able to increase the rent over time, you can get a home equity loan. My plan is to increase the rent, then get a home equity loan where the payment is about the same as my rent increase. Soooo my budget doesn't change really but I can have like $50k or $100k to then go get another property. You do need to be careful with that because you don't want to overextend yourself.

    Anyway, I am just an average dude making an average income but I will end up with a very above average amount of wealth. In my mind it really isn't that difficult either and I think many people could do what I am doing. I'm a few years into the plan so far and things have been working out pretty much as I expected. I'm about to get my second 4-plex. I'm turning 30 this year. I think I will be able to retire early.

    Is this hard? The hardest two things are making sure to maintain an excellent credit score and finding good tenants. My credit score is about 800 mostly because I just always pay my bills and I have a large mortgage now.

    Finding tenants amounts to keep your rent slightly lower than you could and background and credit checking people to make sure they will likely pay their rent on time.

    Anyway people way over complicate things. I have found a way to earn a legit 100% on my investment every year. People always say that is impossible but I have found multiple ways to do it not just through real estate.

    Work smarter my friends, not harder. Maintain your health and relationships and always be learning new things even if not in school. Peace.

    submitted by /u/Lo3gj898
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    New to New Orleans

    Posted: 28 Jul 2019 07:12 AM PDT

    My wife and I just moved to New Orleans (this week!) and are interested in making some FIRE friends. We are not yet FIRE but are on the path and it would be great to talk to some people who know the area more. This is especially true because we are thinking about buying a house/starting businesses etc.

    A little about us:

    1. 30-something
    2. Moved here last week
    3. Got married last month
    4. I'm a woodworker (also do IT work), my wife is a acupuncturist.

    Let us know if you would want to grab a coffee/beer.

    submitted by /u/_Bruinthebear
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